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Activity 34: Water Pollution - ANSWERS
CCSS: Science & Literacy
Opening: What are some factors that
might affect the quality of drinking water?
Challenge: What
are some sources and types of water pollution?
Procedure: Answer the following
questions as you read the text.
1. Using information from the introduction, define the
terms water contaminant and water
pollution? Cite examples to help support your definitions.
Ans) Water Contaminants: Various
substances picked up that make water impure. Ex: Mineral
deposits
Ans) Water pollution - Water pollution is harmful contamination caused by human activities. Industrial wastes, sewage, motor oil from cars, lawn fertilizer, and pesticides.
2. In the section How Pollution Gets into Water, the author cites two different ways pollution can get into the water. Cite those two examples below and provide an example of each.
Stopping to Think 1: The table below shows some of the main types of biological contaminations in water. What are their sources?
Ans) Cholera. Source: Sewage or Human waste.
e. coli Source: Comes from the intestines of humans and other animals.
cryptosporidium source: Comes from manure of cattle and other animals.
Giardia Source: Found in rivers and lakes.
Stopping to Think 2: What are some of the ways chemical contamination can get into the water supply? Cite information from the text to help you complete the table below.
Ans) Fertilizer: Comes from farms and homes with lawns and other plantings, as it says on p. C-25
Gasoline / Oil : The text says it comes from “leaks from cars” and gas station.
Heavy Metals: Comes from natural sources in the environment, and from human activities such as “manufacturing, mining, and water delivery”, as it says in para. 4 on p. C-25.
6. What was the purpose of the author including the section Contamination and the Environment into the text?
Stopping to Think 3: What is it about water that makes contamination such a big concern?

Ans) Water pollution - Water pollution is harmful contamination caused by human activities. Industrial wastes, sewage, motor oil from cars, lawn fertilizer, and pesticides.
2. In the section How Pollution Gets into Water, the author cites two different ways pollution can get into the water. Cite those two examples below and provide an example of each.
a.
Factories ex: industrial wastes, and broken
sewer lines, ex: sewage.
b. Storm water contaminated with motor oil from
cars, lawn fertilizer, pesticides, through storm sewers.
3. Using information provided on p.C-22, define the terms biological contamination and waterborne disease.
Ans) Biological Contamination - Living (or once-living) organisms. Ex: Bacteria, viruses, parasites.
Ans) Waterborne - Disease caused or carried by water. Ex: cholera.
4. Why is the example of the cholera epidemic in London a great example of a waterborne disease?
Ans) Biological Contamination - Living (or once-living) organisms. Ex: Bacteria, viruses, parasites.
Ans) Waterborne - Disease caused or carried by water. Ex: cholera.
4. Why is the example of the cholera epidemic in London a great example of a waterborne disease?
Ans) Cholera “spread quickly to people who drank the water” and
“cholera was the first known disease spread by water”.
5. Why do you think that author mentions the
importance of chlorine in the section Biological
Contamination?
Ans) Chlorine kills bacteria and
other biological contaminants.
Stopping to Think 1: The table below shows some of the main types of biological contaminations in water. What are their sources?
Ans) Cholera. Source: Sewage or Human waste.
e. coli Source: Comes from the intestines of humans and other animals.
cryptosporidium source: Comes from manure of cattle and other animals.
Giardia Source: Found in rivers and lakes.
Stopping to Think 2: What are some of the ways chemical contamination can get into the water supply? Cite information from the text to help you complete the table below.
Ans) Fertilizer: Comes from farms and homes with lawns and other plantings, as it says on p. C-25
Gasoline / Oil : The text says it comes from “leaks from cars” and gas station.
Heavy Metals: Comes from natural sources in the environment, and from human activities such as “manufacturing, mining, and water delivery”, as it says in para. 4 on p. C-25.
6. What was the purpose of the author including the section Contamination and the Environment into the text?
Ans) Author wanted to show that water pollution harms the environment,
which often also harms people.
Stopping to Think 3: What is it about water that makes contamination such a big concern?
Ans) Water is crucial for life; contamination can cause a lot of
problems for wildlife, and for people who need fresh clean water.
7.What
is the difference between a biological contaminate and a chemical contaminate? Cite examples from the text to
support your claim.


Ans) Biological contaminants are or were alive; chemical contaminants
are not alive, as it says
in the text. Ex: compare vibrio cholera to
mercury or gasoline.
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