8th Graders - Write a Reflection on about today's graphing activity and Newton's 2nd Law of Motion. Write at least 3 sentences using R.A.V.E. and good writing mechanics. If you don't know what RAVE is, put this in your Abbreviation guide just before the vocabulary/glossary section of your science notebook:
R means Restate the Question;
A means Answer the Question;
V means use Vocabulary words; and
E means Explain using Evidence or Examples.

6th Graders- Use your Science Notebooks and Study Guides to study for tomorrow's Weather Unit Exam. Here are the Answers to Weather & Atmosphere Unit (SEPUP) Review (pt 1):

1. Weather is the outdoor conditions at a particular time and place. a) through d) is a list on which all examples are true - it is NOT a multiple choice selection.
2. No answer required; this is simply a list based on our lesson.
3. Weather: particular time, particular place
Climate: long periods (30 + years), Region.
4. Temperature, Precipitation & Winds
5. Yes
6. The Water Cycle.
7. True
8. Liquid, Solid, Gas
9. a. solid does have definite shape and volume
b. Liquid - does have definite volume, but does not have definite shape. Medium energy; liquids move by flowing. When they change state to gas, we say that a liquid has melted.
c.Gas - doesn’t have a definite volume or _shape_. Particles of gas have _more_ energy, spread out to fill their container.
d. Energy (or heat)

Triangle shape in the bottom right corner:
Top should say: Gas: "water vapor".
Bottom right should say "Solid water is called "ice".
Bottom left should say: "Liquid".
The arrows on the bottom should be labeled "melting" going from liquid to solid, and should be labeled "freezing" from solid to liquid.
The arrows going from bottom left corner to the top, or Liquid to Gas, should read "evaporation", and from Gas to Liquid should say "Condensation".

10. About 70% of Earth's surface is covered by water.
11. ECPC = Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Collection
12. At Evaporation, water is a gas; at Condensation, water is usually a liquid; at Precipitation, water can be liquid (rain), solid (hail, snow), or mixed (sleet, freezing rain); and at Collection, water is usually a liquid.
13. Air is a mixture of gases.
14. The atmosphere is the blanket of gases surrounding the Earth.
15. Air is a mixture of gases, including
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% Argon with some
CO2, methane, Hydrogen, or Neon, etc.
(Don't forget that air also contains water vapor which can vary depending on climate from 5% down to less than 1%.)
16. a. Troposphere – the layer closest to Earth’s surface, this is where we find:
i weather
ii. local winds
iii. Water vapor
iv.flying birds or planes
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Thermosphere

17, Air pressure goes down as you go higher in elevation.
18. Air density goes lower as you go higher in elevation.
19. Clouds are made of water, usually droplets, but sometimes ice crystals.
20. Thermometer
21. Water boils at 100 o C or 212o F; water freezes at 0 oC or 32o F.
22. Air pressure goes down as you go higher in elevation.

pt. 2
23. The atmosphere moderates temperature changes from one place to another and between night and day (in other words, it keeps it from changing too fast when day turns to night). The atmosphere also carries gases that living things need, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. The atmosphere makes life on Earth possible.
24. Wind is air that moves horizontally.
2. What causes wind:
a. Sun heats the surface (land and water), which heats the air above it.
b. Warmer air is less dense, so it rises. It also has lower air pressure.
c. Differences in temperature and air pressure creates wind.
26. a. thermometer
b. anemometer
c. wind vane
27. Warm ocean currents warm the air near them and make some areas warmer or colder than they should be. For example, the Gulf Stream makes the Northeastern US and Great Britain wamer. Ocean currents can also affect precipitation. An example of this is El Nino in the South Pacific Ocean, which affects the precipitation and weather in the US.
28. Heat moves through the atmosphere by convection. Heat from the Sun hitting the atmosphere can be absorbed by air, clouds, sea or land, or it can be reflected back out into space.
29. The Sun provides energy for evaporation.
30. The Sun.
31. Air that is warmed becomes less dense and rises. Air that has cooled off becomes more dense and sinks. When heat spreads through moving liquid or gas, we call it Convection. A convection current exists if hot gas or liquid moves up and down repeatedly.
32. Temperature, precipitation, wind, cloud cover, air pressure.
33. Clouds or water vapor, atmosphere, wind, Sun’s uneven heating or air pressure, ocean currents, the Sun.
34.                      Temperature      Precipitation
Tropical climate       high                  high
desert                     high                    low
grasslands               high                   low
tundra                     low                   varies
temperate forest       mild                   high
35. a. People study weather, including measurements, such as:
i. Temperatures: water freezes to ice at 32 oF = 0oC. Degrees Celsius is the metric unit.
ii. Depth of rain or snow: ex: 12 in. = 30 cm (hint: look at a ruler).
iii. Wind speed measured in miles per hour ( mi/hr) or kilometers per hour (km/hr).
b. Careers in weather science - Society relies on information provided by 4 kinds of scientists who study different parts of earth’s weather & atmosphere:
i. Meteorologists – Scientists who study weather, measuring & describing weather conditions, recording data such as wind speed, air pressure & precipitation.
ii. Atmospheric scientists – collect & analyze data about current & past conditions in the atmosphere
iii. Climatologists - study Earth’s climate, using factors such as temperature & precipitation; and
iv. Hydrologists - scientists who study water and how it moves.
36. Hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards are all examples. Cite evidence: risk maps in book; past experience.
37 . In two of 3 graphs, precipitation goes down as temperature goes up during the summer months.
38 . Mean - average; sum of all quantities divided by the number of numbers.
Median - middle number
Mode - number that appears most often