Genetics, including how to use Punnett Squares, concepts, and vocabulary. I have copied the vocabulary below, and you should have all of it in your science notebook.
To help you get ready for the Quiz on Friday, you are to draw out 8 Frayer Diagrams, using vocab words from the list below:
Phenotype - organism's observable traits (what you can see on the outside).
Genotype - individual's pair of alleles for a specific gene or group of genes that determines a trait (what's in the genes).
Dominant - version of gene that appears with only one copy of a version of a gene (an allele).
Recessive - hidden trait, that is, the genetic trait that is not observed in a heterogeneous individual.
heterozygous - an organism that has more than 1 kind of allele for a characteristic.
homozygous - an organism that has only one kind of allele for a characteristic.
Punnett Square - diagram to show the likelihood of each outcome of a breeding experiment with known parent genes for a trait. See p. D-37.
o Allele - a variant or version of a gene. Ex: a gene could code for a round thumb joint, or a squared off thumb joint. One is Dominant (it wins), while the other is Recessive (it loses unless its the only one).
o Characteristic - an observable or measurable feature of an organism and may be caused by one gene or many genes. Ex: eye color.
o Gene - A specific sequence of DNA that determines one or more traits.
o Genetics - the study of the location and behavior of genes, their passage to offspring, and of how characteristics are inherited.
o Heredity - traits passed down to people or other organisms from their biological parents. Ex: eye color, tongue rolling, height potential, genetic diseases, arm span.
* Inherited - The passage of traits from parent to offspring.
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