Friday, May 12, 2017

Study Guide for Water Unit:
 Note: Optional start, not required until Monday



Name ___________    Date____________     Per.____________

Water Unit Study Guide

  1. Define: What is a solution? Give 1 or more examples:


  1. How is a solution different from other kinds of mixtures?  Put another way, how does a solution look?


  1. How is a solute different from a solvent? You can draw a picture of the solute and solvent if you want.



  1. If you mix a bag of pebbles, sugar, and wood chips in a bucket of water, then the pebbles sink, the sugar disappears and the wood chips float. Identify which of these substances is:
Solvent = (circle one): pebbles sugar  wood chips, or water
Solute = (circle one): pebbles sugar  wood chips, or water
Precipitate (solid that falls to the bottom)  (circle one): pebbles sugar  wood chips, or water

  1. What substance is called the “Universal Solvent”?   Explain: why?


  1. What are the two broad classes of contaminants? Give an example of each.




  1. The Slobbo family goes to a fast food restaurant.  Not only do they throw their half-eaten food and trash out of the window, their car is also falling apart.  The Slobbo family leaves a lot of trash behind in the parking lot. Using the question: “Is it or was it alive?” classify each of the following items as a Chemical (Chem) or  Biological (Bio) contaminant (or both):
a) French fries     
b) aluminum foil wrapper: 
c) bits of rubber from an old tire  
d) Rancid Slobbo’s chemicals from his Maker Bot  
e) half-eaten hamburger bun    
f) their pet bird’s waste and wood chips off the bottom of the cage 
g) leaking motor oil    

  1. What are the stages of the Water Cycle? On a separate sheet of paper, draw a picture of the water cycle, label the 4 main parts, and attach it.



  1. In which stages of the water cycle can water become contaminated? 



  1. In which stage (of the water cycle) is water least likely to be contaminated?
          


  1. You make two solutions, completely mixed.  Both have 250 mL of water.   Solution A has 20g of sugar, while Solution B has 80 g of sugar.  Which solution is less  concentrated?


  1. Which of the following solutions is the least concentrated? Which is most concentrated?
    1. 15 ppm
    2. 50 ppm
    3. 500 ppb
    4. 500 ppm -



  1. If we mix water with 1 drop of Windex in a SEPUP tray, we can see that the first cup has some blue color in it. When we add Universal Indicator Solution (UIS), the solution turns blue-green.  If we Serially dilute the Windex solution, in the 3rd or 4th cup, we no longer see the Windex blue color.  Why?  How can we tell that there is still see some Windex in the 5th cup, even if we can’t see the blue color?




  1. Municipal water plants send water out to homes and businesses.  How do they:
    1. Test for contaminants? (name at least 3 tests they can use. See p. C-59):


    1. Treat for biological contaminants? (name at least 3 methods. See p. C-69-71):
.   


  1.   What is chlorination used for? 

  1. If you use Universal Indicator Solution, what types of chemicals (pick one: acid, base or neutral) react with UIS to turn the solution to the color:
    1. Red/Orange means the chemical is a(n)  
    2. Yellow-Green means the chemical is a(n)
    3. Blue or violet means the chemical is a(n)
  1. a.  If you use Universal Indicator Paper, what is shown by the following colors when the indicator reacts with the chemicals you're testing?
    1. Red/Orange means the chemical is a(n) ______ (pick one: acid, base or neutral)
    2. Yellow-Green means the chemical has a pH range of ____ - ____ .
    3. Green, Blue or violet means the chemical is a(n) ______ (pick one: acid, base or neutral)

  1.  How is water pollution different from water contamination?


  1. Match the following pollutant with its correct classification:
1.    _Wild bird waste                                a. Non-point source pollution
2.    _._Paint Factory chemicals                   b. Natural Biological contamination
3.    __Diesel (truck) fuel                          c. Point source pollution                                                                                                                                                                         
19. What is an acid?  Define and give some examples:


20. List three properties of acids:



21. What is a base? 



22. List three properties of bases:





23. Draw a Venn diagram showing differences and similarities between acids and bases.








24. What is neutralization? What happens to acids or bases when they are combined?



25.  What are two properties of neutral substances?   They are neither ____ nor ______ and they have a pH of about __.

26. What is the pH scale? Define it, draw it, and be sure to explain what the numbers mean in terms of the nature of the chemicals in each part of the pH scale. 



27. What is an “indicator”?

.

28. List three properties of Universal Indicator Solution (UIS): (list the colors for each)
a.    In the presence of acid in solution, UIS turns _____________________
b.    In the presence of neutral solutions, UIS turns ____________________
c.    In the presence of base in solution, UIS turns ____________________

29. Identify each of the following as qualitative (“Qual”) or quantitative (“Quant”) data:
1. Making a mango shake requires 5L of milk.  
2. The average population of a city is 90%.   
3. Jim is a tall boy. 
4. The majority of the people in India wear the color red most often.
5. The sidewalk is long.  
6. The sidewalk is 100m long.   
7. The race was over quickly.
8. The race was over in two minutes.   
9. It is warm outside.
10. They drank four cups of tea.   

30. Draw how the molecules are arranged in the three different states of water (Solid, liquid and gas).  Explain why they look different.












 


Explanation:




31. What do we have to add to matter to get it to change from one state (liquid, solid, or gas) or phase to another?




32. What do we call the gas form of water? 




33. In which stages of the water cycle is  water the purest (least contaminated) ?




34. Draw a triangle and write the names of the processes when water changes between Liquid to solid to gas.



            35. Name 3 natural places where we can get drinking water?


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